Exterior project technology is made in the mould and repair applies mediumly

Bolus of 5 cast steel 1.

2~3.

211.

Cr120 of die of 49 stator odd chamfer.

25~0.

35 glass bolus 60Si2Mn0 of smooth die of chamfer of 5270 one word.

25~0.

35 glass bolus 0.

96~1.

352.

0~2.

3 adjestable wrench heat up 3Cr2W8V0 of tool set of essence of life.

Bolus of 5 cast steel 0.

1750.

2630.

25~0.

35 glass bolus 0.

3880.

517 (2) technology of ooze of exterior hot enlarge. Make with the kind that imposes thermal diffusion desire the surface of ooze metal or mould of metalloid element infiltration, form exterior alloy layer, improve the performance such as the wearability of mould surface, corrosion resistance and fatigue intensity thereby. Its highlight a characteristic is enlarge ooze it is to rely on to form what alloy will be united in wedlock between layer and base material (namely alleged metallurgy is united in wedlock) , have very high union strength, if eletroplate,this is other coating method, gush plating or chemical plating, even technology of deposit of physical gas phase can not be likened to. Technology of hot enlarge ooze calls technology of hot ooze plating or thermo-chemical treatment skill again [2-3] . The element that is used at heating up enlarge ooze is very much, commonly used infiltration element has carbon, nitrogen, silicon, boracic, aluminous, vanadium, titanium, tungsten and sulfur to wait, n duality and even multivariate in all ooze craft and rare earth are multivariate in all ooze craft is producing bigger and bigger effect in mould surface aggrandizement or modified. The affiliation of rare-earth element organizes structure, physics, chemistry and mechanical function to have great effect to improving the surface layer of steel. Rare-earth element is had raise ooze fast (ooze fast can raise 25% ～ 30% , processing time can shorten 1/3 above) , aggrandizement surface (rare-earth element has microalloy to change intention, can improve surface layer to organize a structure, aggrandizement mould surface) , purify the surface (the low melting point such as the P in rare-earth element and steel, S, As, Sn, Sb, Bi, Pb is harmful action of foreign matter happening, form compound of high melting point, restrain these foreign matter elements to go up in crystal boundary at the same time slant get together, reduce a variety of functions such as ooze layer brittleness. For example, 900 OC of classics of model of Die Casting of 3Cr2W8V steeliness aluminium alloy boron of × 4h rare earth is aluminous in all after ooze, deep-seated ply 40 μ of 30 ～ M, hardness 1800 ～ 2000HV, as good as matrix union, brittleness is low; Ooze layer basically is mixed by FeAlB (FeAl)2B photograph composition, its fight function of high temperature oxidation, wear-resisting function all excel ion nitrogen is changed and solid ooze is boracic. Manufacturing test result makes clear, this craft produces cycle weak point, oxidation decarbonization is controlled easily, the spare parts is out of shape small, the surface is bright and clean degree tall, service life twice grows [2] . (3) v technology. V technology basically is used at making the repair of bimetallic mould and attaint mould. In carbon steel or cast steel matrix apparently, v has the exterior layer of special function one layer, make its are achieved wear-resisting, heat-resisting or anticorrosive purpose, can save many precious heavy metal, improve the service life of material, have very big economic benefits. A few mould spare partses that often work below special environment, its surface wears away very serious, some is broken even or rupture. Use v craft to have repair, can save much valuable data not only, and the service life of v rehabilitate mould and life of new production pattern match, some service life that compare new pattern even are long still. For example, choose document [the welding rod of v of new-style cold die that 3] develops, used v craft to undertake on common and cast-iron matrix the v of the large mould that decorate a border makes the v repair with attaint mould, the result makes clear, use welding rod of v of new-style cold die to make technology of the large mould that decorate a border in the v on grey iron semifinished product simple, the service life that the service life of v mould and tool steel set a pattern comparatives [4] . Nextpage (4) thermal spraying technology. Thermal spraying is spray material classics specific heat source heats to melt or half melt condition, make through high speed air current its pulverization and eject arrives workpiece surface, form wear-resisting, anti-corrosive and a kind of surface that fights the special function coating such as high temperature machines a method. Special agree with large mould and wear away badly the mould of the job below the condition. Heat makes a mould be not only below taller temperature environment the job, and suffer wear away, extruding, concussion and cold hot fatigue action, can choose cobalt radical to raise heat-resisting abrasiveness from fusion gold and pottery and porcelain can. For example, the Gao Rong that makes with tool steel nods metallic extrusion die, extruding temperature can have operation only when 1320 ℃ above, use plasma spray 0.

5 ～ 1.

After the alumina coating of 0mm, extruding temperature can amount to 1650 ℃ , spray zirconia coating, extruding temperature can amount to 2370 ℃ , the service life of the mould can lengthen 5~10 times [5] . Express the 2 partial example that listed mould surface heats up gush solder craft. Express aggrandizement of thermal spraying of 2 moulds surface to use example [raw material of 6] mould name and processing technology use material and gush solder craft newly to use effect base material to handle technology of solder of gush of gold of seam of gush of craft base material firebrick model 45 steel heat treatment. Regard mould surface aggrandizement as the technology, chromic layer of first selection plating, it has wear-resisting, anti-friction, heat-resisting, anti-corrosive, coefficient of friction low, prevent occlusive wait for a characteristic, improve mould surface performance, improve mould life function. Basically use at model of plastic pattern, balata, glass model to wait model the case hardening of antrum model. Hard chromic layer can regard plating as the wear-resisting layer of mould surface already, also can have repair to old pattern. For example hard chromium of plating of plastic film antrum or after through plating hard chromium has repair, not only mould service life is lengthened, and plastic flow is helpful for be full of in reducing a process model antrum, facilitating drawing of patterns, plastic an exterior brightness. But the combinative strength of electric film and steel is finite, and heat up difference of coefficient of expansion to wait for a problem greatly, the heat that cannot be used at enduring urgent cold urgent hot action makes a model. Film of brush plating Co-N, Co-Mo, film of chemical plating Ni-P, film of dispersion of Ni-SiC, Ni-B got applied in mould surface, improved the service life of the mould, much newer characteristic and be used extensively at microelectronics and photoelectron industry, accumulate a variety of functional film layers with Yu Chen. Be in at present wear-resisting, be able to bear or endure the domain such as corrode, adornment begins applied research. (6) technology of electric spark aggrandizement. Technology of aggrandizement of electric spark surface is the energy that when using electric spark to discharge, releases the conductor that regards scintilla as discharge electrode (be like WC, TiC) the appearance that infiltration takes a pattern, have the effect of aggrandizement mould surface. After the mould passes electric spark aggrandizement, to get the precision of a requirement, can undertake proper grinding is machined, but the hardness that aggrandizement layer can not affect after grinding and wearability (fall in the condition that carries exterior layer hardness) . Small hole can remain in aggrandizement surface after grinding, will marked improvement cooperates the lubricant condition of the spare parts, on the other hand ameliorable wear-resisting function. Service life can be lengthened multiple. This method is otherer the method is simple, the effect is good, consequently it receives wide application in actual production. Use electric spark device, but the aggrandizement cold die, model that press a turn, draw model of late pattern, extrusion die, Die Casting and certain heat mould of strong, hot forge. The mould of general classics aggrandizement, can improve service life 0.

5 ～ 2 times [7] . (7) technology of laser surface aggrandizement. In last few years, technology of laser heat treatment received wide application in industry of pattern of auto industry, industry. It improves metallic stuff be able to bear or endure corrode sex, it is especially in mould industry, the constituent function of the mould of classics laser heat treatment has very big improvement than groovy heat treatment. Technology of laser surface aggrandizement basically includes laser to quench, laser frit coagulates alloy of sclerotic, laser is changed, laser frit Fu. 1) laser surface quenchs; When be being handled as a result of laser cold fast splitting, the substructure that can make austenite grain interior is formed has not enough time when refrigeration reply and recrystallization, can obtain thereby exceed structure of fine concealed needle martensite, can raise obdurability significantly, prolong mould service life. Now with the mould material that quenchs at laser CrWMn, Cr12MoV, 9CrSi, T10A, W6Mo5Cr4V2, W18Cr4V, GCr15 waits. These steel are planted after classics laser quenchs, its organize function to all get very big improvement. For example GCr15 punching model, its hardness by HRC58 ～ 62 fall to HRC45 ～ 50, undertake with laser aggrandizement is handled, hardness of white bright layer is HV849, matrix hardness is HV490, sclerotic layer deepness is 0.

37mm, mould service life raises 2 times above [8] . When heating like CrWMn steel again go up easily in austenite crystal boundary the proeutectoid carbide of web shape, increase brittleness significantly, reduce concussion tenacity, wearability also cannot satisfy a requirement. Use laser to quench the carbide grain that can obtain fine martensite and dispersion to distributing, eliminated meshy. In quench the laser below temper condition quenchs can obtain deepness of the biggest sclerotic layer and highest hardness HV1017[9] . The hardness after Cr12MoV steel laser quenchs, fight plasticity is out of shape and fight stick wear away ability all groovier heat treatment rises somewhat [10] . After W6Mo5Cr4V and laser of W18Cr4V high-speed steel quench, have groovier quench taller hardness, lukewarm temper can raise the hardness of laser sclerosis layer further in, because laser exceeds dissolve of the solid when heating quickly,this is more carbon and alloying element be caused by [11, 12] . 2) laser surface frit coagulates sclerotic; With surface of mould of high-energy laser illuminate, will be fused with extremely high rate by illuminate area, as a result of fused area photograph special to mould matrix below, cooling rate is splitting. 5CrMiMo ooze boracic layer coagulates in laser frit after processing, with primitive ooze boron layer photograph is compared, aggrandizement layer deepness increases, aggrandizement layer hardness tends gently, the brittleness of ooze boracic layer is able to improve [13] . 3) laser surface alloy is changed; Laser surface alloy is changed is to use laser irradiation beforehand Tu Fu is in the alloy coating layer of mould surface, fuse and mix what make with matrix surface, form structure of physical condition, organization and chemical composition to be different from the new surface layer of matrix, the wearability that improves mould appearance thereby, corrosion resistance and high temperature fight oxidisability to wait. CrWMn is changed via alloy of compound and pulverous laser, can make wearability rises greatly, its bulk wear extent is quench the 1/10 of CrWMn, life rises 14 times [14] . After cobaltic alloy of surface of laser of M2 high-speed steel is changed, content of exterior layer Co can amount to 2% ～ 5% , the change that alloy spends content of the Co in the layer gets laser technology parameter and beforehand control of deposit Co ply, alloy changes a hardness to be able to amount to 700~800HV, the hardness after repass heat treatment can amount to HV1150, matrix of high-speed steel of M2 of apparent prep above [15] . Nextpage 4) Fu of laser surface frit; Fu of laser surface frit uses laser bundle the Fu of mould surface frit in make choice of the material of a special function, have in order to achieve mould appearance wear-resisting, heat-resisting, anti-corrosive wait for special function. Photograph of Fu of laser surface frit and blaze gush solder, plasma gush solder compares have the following advantage: Rate of dilute of ① frit cladding is low, and OK and accurate control; The energy density that ② stimulates beam of light is high, effect time is short, area of hot to mould matrix influence and heat are out of shape all can lower the minorrest rate; Organization of ③ frit cladding is close and microcosmic blemish is little, combinative strength is high; The dimension size of ④ frit cladding and position can be controlled accurately; Fu of frit of ⑤ laser surface is right environmental free from contamination, without radiation, noise is low, work requirement gets bigger improvement. For example, on the 2KWCO2 laser that has powder feeder, the alloy of high temperature wear-resisting that by Ni radical high temperature to Fu of frit of 4Cr5MoV1Si matrix surface alloy and WC+W2C particle comprise one is pulverous, can obtain much talk to build alloy of received wear-resisting of large area high temperature. This craft application directs at rolling mill board the effect is distinct, examine via production, laser frit Fu is oriented board life relatively 4Cr5MoV1Si steel is oriented board raise 4 times above. It is OK still to use method of laser frit Fu additionally invalidation oriented board new frit Fu continues to use [16] . The frit cladding craze that how shuns large work at present and how to reduce laser frit Fu the cost of whole set of equipment still is the crucial question that this method needs to solve. (8) physical gas phase is heavy (PVD) . Technology of deposit of physical gas phase has processing temperature decrescent of low, hot abnormal, it is social effects of pollution, easy to not have obtain exceed hard layer, coating to wait for a characteristic equably, be applied at processing of aggrandizement of exact pattern surface, show favorable applied result. The TiN layer that uses PVD processing to obtain can assure to improve the service life of plastic pattern 3 ～ 9 times, life of metallic forming tool raises 3 ～ 59 times. For example, after crust of recorder magnetic head pulls late pattern to use TiN of PVD Tu Fu to handle, can improve the service life of the mould greatly, if express 3. Watch 3 use TiN of PVD Tu Fu play late pattern life [17] mould mean life / 45 Japan import deposit ＞ of TiN of classics of mould of hard alloy of 13YG20 of mould of hard alloy of 1~3YG20 of mould of steeliness of 10 thousand Cr12MoV 80~100 of hard alloy mould from the watch 3 can see, after deposit of TiN of classics of mould of YG20 hard alloy is handled, mould life can raise 3 times above, but the life of the hard alloy mould that imports than Japan still has certain difference. (9) deposit of chemical gas phase (CVD) . The motive power that technology of deposit of chemical gas phase expands at first is microelectronics technology, with this the method can be in what ply of Fu of mould surface besmear controls for 10 μ M to exceed material of hard pottery and porcelain, be like TiN, TiC, TiB2, Ti (CB) etc, make mould surface has hardness tall, coefficient of friction is small, fight stick receive performance good, wearability, be able to bear or endure corrode sex and be able to bear or endure oxidisability is good wait for an advantage. The mould form that CVD treats does not accept any restriction. CVD can is more than in the quantity that contain carbon 0.

Steel of the tool steel of 8% , cementite steel, high-speed steel, bearing, cast-iron and the surface such as hard alloy is aspirant row. TiC of gas phase deposit, TiN can apply at extrusion die, fall makings model and curve a model, also apply to powder to shape model and plastic pattern. In the craft of cladding of TiC of Fu of the besmear on metallic mould, TiN, its cladding hardness is as high as 3000HV, and wearability is good, fight attrition function to rise, the service life of die can raise 2 ～ 12 times. Of the service life after Fu of besmear of law of mould surface CVD if the watch is shown 4 times,rise. Coating of material of phyletic to the influence mould of service life mould is phyletic after expressing 4 moulds to use Fu of CVD law besmear service life raises multiple to cut edge model W6Mo5Cr4V2TiC+TiN8 to curve a model Cr12MoVTiC+TiN8 of die of Cr12MoVTiC10 of Cr12TiN8 deep die (10) ionic infuse. Ionic infuse is the atom that needs place infuse (normally Ni, Ti, Ta, Cd, B, N waits) in the ionic source of accelerator electric power is ion, the high-pressured electric field that traverses ionic accelerator next becomes his quickly have the tens of thousands of high-energy ion to hundred thousands of electron volts bundle stream, again after extract of classics magnetism analyzer, ionic Shu Liujiang goes infuse solid surface, the has special physics, chemistry or mechanical property workpiece face that gains an expectation. Tell from the principle, all sorts of industry pattern material all can undertake exterior aggrandizement through ionic infuse, improvement is fought wear away character makes modified layer pliable but strong is changed. Considering modified effect and the biggest economic benefits, content of commonly used alloying element is higher in tall alloy material. Study at present and apply more material to wait for W18Cr4V, W6Mo5Cr4V2, W9Mo3Cr4V, Cr12MoV, H13. If the example that ionic infuse improves mould life expresses 5 to show [18] . Express modified of surface of mould of 5 ionic infuse to apply rivet of effect of modified of ion of infuse of material of mould of example mould name steel wire of 3 times tire pulls Yan Shou of N+ of die T10 steel Yan Shou of N+ of alloy of filar model Co-WC 2.

Ti+ of steel of H13 of model of combination of extruding of 4 times aluminous profile reduces extruding of aluminous profile of extruding force 1 5% to make the same score Ti++C+ of modular H13 steel to reduce extruding force 1 0 % to pull N of alloy of filar model Co-W, c, co Yan Shou 3.

5 times aperture prolongs life to technology of IBAD of modular W18Cr4V steel technology of IBAD of steel of Cr12MoV of the 5 times model that cut a margin prolongs life high-speed steel N+ of M2 of drift of 3 times punching, PS Ⅱ Yan Shou 70 times 2, the last word discusses exterior aggrandizement technology to make medium application have important real sense in the mould. Pass finishing, can change the component of mould surface layer and organization, can make the mould has in-house pliable but strong, face hard, wear-resisting, heat-resisting, be able to bear or endure corrode, fight the fatigue, superior performance that fights felt, but severalfold and even a few times land improves mould service life. For the total cost that makes at the mould relatively, exterior aggrandizement process cost is inferior, and mould life can rise severalfold even a few times, have the effect of get twice the result with half the effort. The method that mould surface aggrandizement handles is very much, the element such as the working requirement that combines all sorts of moulds and the economy that its use considers integratedly, use the fundamental approach that exterior aggrandizement technology is an effective that improves mould life correctly. Although exterior technology especially technology of new-style surface aggrandizement makes medium application in the mould opposite still less, but the development that follows exterior project technology, exterior aggrandizement technology makes a domain will receive extremely wide application in the mould, be sure to make the select material of the mould produces tremendous change with production technology. CNC Milling CNC Machining